Mplementation in the early detection and diagnostics of breast cancer.CompetingMplementation in the early detection and

Mplementation in the early detection and diagnostics of breast cancer.Competing
Mplementation in the early detection and diagnostics of breast cancer.Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Authors’ contributionsMP ?performed experiments, interpreted results, LM ?performed experiments, interpreted results, JP ?performed mathematical modeling and statistical analyses,Page 11 of(page number not for citation purposes)Journal of Translational Medicine 2009, 7:http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/7/1/KB ?collected and interpreted clinical data, EN PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28607003 ?collected and interpreted clinical data, AW ?performed experiments, AC ?performed immunoassyas, RD ?performed immunoassays, MS ?designed and interpreted MS data, drafted Z-DEVD-FMK web manuscript, AP ?designed mathematical modeling, drafted manuscript, RT ?designed and PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28494239 interpreted clinical part of the study, drafted manuscript, PW ?designed and interpreted experiment, prepared final manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.19. 20. 21. 22. 23.AcknowledgementsWe thank Prof. Ronald Hancock for help in preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grant 2 P05E 067 30.24. 25.
Journal of Translational MedicineReviewBioMed CentralOpen AccessRecent progress towards development of effective systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant brain tumorsHemant SarinAddress: National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Email: Hemant Sarin – [email protected]: 1 September 2009 Journal of Translational Medicine 2009, 7:77 doi:10.1186/1479-5876-7-Received: 5 August 2009 Accepted: 1 SeptemberThis article is available from: http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/7/1/77 ?2009 Sarin; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.AbstractSystemic chemotherapy has been relatively ineffective in the treatment of malignant brain tumors even though systemic chemotherapy drugs are small molecules that can readily extravasate across the porous blood-brain tumor barrier of malignant brain tumor microvasculature. Small molecule systemic chemotherapy drugs maintain peak blood concentrations for only minutes, and therefore, do not accumulate to therapeutic concentrations within individual brain tumor cells. The physiologic upper limit of pore size in the blood-brain tumor barrier of malignant brain tumor microvasculature is approximately 12 nanometers. Spherical nanoparticles ranging between 7 nm and 10 nm in diameter maintain peak blood concentrations for several hours and are sufficiently smaller than the 12 nm physiologic upper limit of pore size in the blood-brain tumor barrier to accumulate to therapeutic concentrations within individual brain tumor cells. Therefore, nanoparticles bearing chemotherapy that are within the 7 to 10 nm size range can be used to deliver therapeutic concentrations of small molecule chemotherapy drugs across the blood-brain tumor barrier into individual brain tumor cells. The initial therapeutic efficacy of the Gd-G5doxorubicin dendrimer, an imageable nanoparticle bearing chemotherapy within the 7 to 10 nm size range, has been demonstrated in the orthotopic RG-2 rodent malignant glioma model. Herein I discuss this nove.