Trogen, Life Technologies Corporation, CA, USA) supplemented with B27 (Invitrogen) and

Trogen, Life Technologies Corporation, CA, USA) supplemented with B27 (Invitrogen) and glutamine (Invitrogen) (complete NB). Cultures were maintained in complete NB at 37uC and 5 CO2. Stimulation with 55 mM KCl was carried out as described by Wu et al. [26]. Cultures were fixed in paraformaldehyde 4 sucrose 4 (Sigma) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS), immediately, 30 or 70 minutes after stimulation.Western Blot (WB)Each slice used in fEPSP recording assays, as well as both hippocampi from each animal exposed to the OF were separately homogenized in a Teflon glass potter (561599) in 100 mM NaCl, 0.2 Triton X-100, 1 mM EGTA, antiproteases cocktail (Sigma), 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.4) buffer; and then incubated on ice 30 minutes to led to a complete lysis of the tissue. To avoid overloading the gel, protein concentration was 23115181 preliminary estimated using the BCA kit (Sigma) in highly diluted (.100 folds) aliquots. In each experiment, to determine the actualNMDAR Subunits Change after OF Exposure and LTPamount of NMDAR subunits, the intensity of the NMDAR subunit band was relativized to the corresponding GAPDH band used as internal control. Samples were resuspended in Laemmli buffer and cracked at 100uC for 5 minutes. All samples were processed and analyzed individually. Protein samples were separated on a 10 SDS-PAGE gel and transferred to a polyvinylidenedifluoride MedChemExpress Indolactam V membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore). Blots were blocked with 3 non-fat milk-0.05 Tween-20 in Tris buffer saline (TTBS) and incubated with primary antibodies: anti-GluN1 (rabbit polyclonal 1:1000, Sigma), anti-GluN2A (rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 Chemicon) or anti-GluN2B (rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 Chemicon); and anti-GAPDH (1:5000, Sigma). After wash-out, blots were incubated with HRP-conjugated antirabbit secondary antibody (1:2000; Amersham Biosciences, GE Healthcare, NJ, USA) or HRP-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody (1:5000; Sigma), developed in SuperSignal West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate solution (Thermo Scientific, MA, USA) and exposed to film (Agfa-Gevaert NV, Belgium).Statistical AnalysisAnalysis was performed either by Student’s t test or by ONE WAY ANOVA, as indicated in the figures legends for each set of experiments. The ONE WAY ANOVA was followed by post-hoc analysis via Newman-Keuls or Dunnett tests when appropriate. All data are expressed as mean 6 SEM. Behavioral data were analyzed using non parametric statistic (Kruskal Wallis Test or Mann Whitney) and expressed as medians with their interquartile 86168-78-7 ranges.Results 1.- Hippocampal NMDAR Subunit Levels after Exposure to a New ArenaIt has been shown 1662274 that 5 minutes but not 1 minute exploration of a new environment induces hippocampus dependent habituation, which persists as STM and LTM [28,29]. In this work, rats were exposed to the OF for either 1 or 5 minutes. Habituation was assessed by counting and comparing number of crossings and rearings every minute. Rats which spent 5 minutes in the OF evidenced habituation since there was a significant decrease in the recorded exploratory parameters: the number of crossings were significantly lower in the third, fourth and fifth minute compared with the first minute in the OF, while the number of rearings decreased significantly in the fifth minute compared with the first minute (Figure 1A). Thus, it was corroborated that rats recognized the new environment showing habituation to it. Other rats were exposed to the OF for 1 or 5 minutes and were tested in a second OF sessio.Trogen, Life Technologies Corporation, CA, USA) supplemented with B27 (Invitrogen) and glutamine (Invitrogen) (complete NB). Cultures were maintained in complete NB at 37uC and 5 CO2. Stimulation with 55 mM KCl was carried out as described by Wu et al. [26]. Cultures were fixed in paraformaldehyde 4 sucrose 4 (Sigma) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS), immediately, 30 or 70 minutes after stimulation.Western Blot (WB)Each slice used in fEPSP recording assays, as well as both hippocampi from each animal exposed to the OF were separately homogenized in a Teflon glass potter (561599) in 100 mM NaCl, 0.2 Triton X-100, 1 mM EGTA, antiproteases cocktail (Sigma), 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.4) buffer; and then incubated on ice 30 minutes to led to a complete lysis of the tissue. To avoid overloading the gel, protein concentration was 23115181 preliminary estimated using the BCA kit (Sigma) in highly diluted (.100 folds) aliquots. In each experiment, to determine the actualNMDAR Subunits Change after OF Exposure and LTPamount of NMDAR subunits, the intensity of the NMDAR subunit band was relativized to the corresponding GAPDH band used as internal control. Samples were resuspended in Laemmli buffer and cracked at 100uC for 5 minutes. All samples were processed and analyzed individually. Protein samples were separated on a 10 SDS-PAGE gel and transferred to a polyvinylidenedifluoride membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore). Blots were blocked with 3 non-fat milk-0.05 Tween-20 in Tris buffer saline (TTBS) and incubated with primary antibodies: anti-GluN1 (rabbit polyclonal 1:1000, Sigma), anti-GluN2A (rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 Chemicon) or anti-GluN2B (rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 Chemicon); and anti-GAPDH (1:5000, Sigma). After wash-out, blots were incubated with HRP-conjugated antirabbit secondary antibody (1:2000; Amersham Biosciences, GE Healthcare, NJ, USA) or HRP-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody (1:5000; Sigma), developed in SuperSignal West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate solution (Thermo Scientific, MA, USA) and exposed to film (Agfa-Gevaert NV, Belgium).Statistical AnalysisAnalysis was performed either by Student’s t test or by ONE WAY ANOVA, as indicated in the figures legends for each set of experiments. The ONE WAY ANOVA was followed by post-hoc analysis via Newman-Keuls or Dunnett tests when appropriate. All data are expressed as mean 6 SEM. Behavioral data were analyzed using non parametric statistic (Kruskal Wallis Test or Mann Whitney) and expressed as medians with their interquartile ranges.Results 1.- Hippocampal NMDAR Subunit Levels after Exposure to a New ArenaIt has been shown 1662274 that 5 minutes but not 1 minute exploration of a new environment induces hippocampus dependent habituation, which persists as STM and LTM [28,29]. In this work, rats were exposed to the OF for either 1 or 5 minutes. Habituation was assessed by counting and comparing number of crossings and rearings every minute. Rats which spent 5 minutes in the OF evidenced habituation since there was a significant decrease in the recorded exploratory parameters: the number of crossings were significantly lower in the third, fourth and fifth minute compared with the first minute in the OF, while the number of rearings decreased significantly in the fifth minute compared with the first minute (Figure 1A). Thus, it was corroborated that rats recognized the new environment showing habituation to it. Other rats were exposed to the OF for 1 or 5 minutes and were tested in a second OF sessio.