Tively correlated with age. Continued smoking had a significant detrimental effectTively correlated with age. Continued

Tively correlated with age. Continued smoking had a significant detrimental effect
Tively correlated with age. Continued smoking had a significant detrimental effect on AFC after 24 months. LH and FSH levels increased between V1 and V2 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28192408 and fell at V3 and V4, but stayed above pre-chemotherapy values. Two years after the start of chemotherapy 31/51 patients were amenorrhoic while 17 resumed their menstrual cycle; this was not influenced by the type of chemotherapy or age. Non-smokers were 13 times more likely to resume their menstruation than smokers. Quality of life (QL) was significantly lower 6 months after the initiation of chemotherapy. QL at one and 2 years after chemotherapy did not differ significantly from pre-chemotherapy scores. Conclusions: Our study contributes to a better understanding and prediction of ovarian reserve in young early breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The data suggest that personal counseling in regard of the preservation of fertility should be offered especially to patients of a higher age, with low AMH levels or low follicle counts. Patients should be advised to stop smoking in order to enhance the likelihood of preserving their fertility. Keywords: Fertility preservation, Ovarian reserve, Breast cancer, AMH* Correspondence: [email protected] Equal contributors 1 OB/GYN, University of Kiel, UKSH, Arnold-Heller-Stra 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany Full list of author information is available at the end of the article?The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Wenners et al. BMC Cancer (2017) 17:Page 2 ofBackground Eight percent to 12 of all breast cancers occur before the age of 35 years [1]. The side effects of chemotherapy are well known. Nevertheless, we lack knowledge of their precise effects on ovarian function and fertility. Adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated for patients with a high risk of recurrent disease [2]. Endocrine therapy is recommended for all tumors that express the estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR). Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator and is the endocrine therapy of choice in premenopausal women (20 mg per day for 5 to 10 years) [3]. In premenopausal patients with ER/PR-positive highrisk cancers or patients aged <35 years, gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) analogs/agonists may be used in addition to tamoxifen [4?]. In young patients the treatment Bayer 41-4109 solubility 28242652″ title=View Abstract(s)”>PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28242652 of breast cancer is rendered difficult by the fact that they may still wish to have children [7]. Therefore, issues such as fertility preservation and planning a pregnancy after the conclusion of chemotherapy should be addressed prior to the start of treatment. However, many patients are much older when their treatment is concluded, and ovarian function is additionally harmed by chemotherapy and endocrine therapy [1]. Symptoms of sexual hormone deficiency, chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA), and impaired fertility are known to occur [8]. CIA begins shortly after the first dose of chemotherapy, persists up to several years after.